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Chapter Eight
The Churning of the Milk Ocean
This chapter describes how the goddess of fortune appeared during the churning of the ocean of milk and how she accepted Lord Visnu as her husband. As described later in the chapter, when Dhanvantari appeared with a pot of nectar the demons immediately snatched it from him, but Lord Visnu appeared as the incarnation Mohini, the most beautiful woman in the world, just to captivate the demons and save the nectar for the demigods.
After Lord Siva drank all the poison, both the demigods and demons took courage and resumed their activities of churning. Because of this churning, first a surabhi cow was produced. Great saintly persons accepted this cow to derive clarified butter from its milk and offer this clarified butter in oblations for great sacrifices. Thereafter, a horse named Uccaihsrava was generated. This horse was taken by Bali Maharaja. Then there appeared Airavata and other elephants that could go anywhere in any direction, and she-elephants also appeared. The gem known as Kaustubha was also generated, and Lord Visnu took that gem and placed it on His chest. Thereafter, a parijata flower and the Apsaras, the most beautiful women in the universe, were generated. Then the goddess of fortune, Laksmi, appeared. The demigods, great sages, Gandharvas and others offered her their respectful worship. The goddess of fortune could not find anyone to accept as her husband. At last she selected Lord Visnu to be her master. Lord Visnu gave her a place to stay everlastingly at His chest. Because of this combination of Laksmi and Narayana, all who were present, including the demigods and people in general, were very pleased. The demons, however, being neglected by the goddess of fortune, were very depressed. Then Varuni, the goddess of drinking, was generated, and by the order of Lord Visnu the demons accepted her. Then the demons and demigods, with renewed energy, began to churn again. This time a partial incarnation of Lord Visnu called Dhanvantari appeared. He was very beautiful, and he carried a jug containing nectar. The demons immediately snatched the jug from Dhanvantari's hand and began to run away, and the demigods, being very morose, took shelter of Visnu. After the demons snatched the jug from Dhanvantari, they began to fight among themselves. Lord Visnu solaced the demigods, who therefore did not fight, but remained silent. While the fighting was going on among the demons, the Lord Himself appeared as the incarnation Mohini, the most beautiful woman in the universe.
TEXT 1
TEXT
sri-suka uvaca
pite gare vrsankena
pritas te 'mara-danavah
mamanthus tarasa sindhum
havirdhani tato 'bhavat
SYNONYMS
sri-sukah uvaca--Sri Sukadeva Gosvami said; pite--was drunk; gare--when the poison; vrsa-ankena--by Lord Siva, who sits on a bull; pritah--being pleased; te--all of them; amara--the demigods; danavah--and the demons; mamanthuh--again began to churn; tarasa--with great force; sindhum--the ocean of milk; havirdhani--the surabhi cow, who is the source of clarified butter; tatah--from that churning; abhavat--was generated.
TRANSLATION
Sukadeva Gosvami continued: Upon Lord Siva's drinking the poison, both the demigods and the demons, being very pleased, began to churn the ocean with renewed vigor. As a result of this, there appeared a cow known as surabhi.
PURPORT
The surabhi cow is described as havirdhani, the source of butter. Butter, when clarified by melting, produces ghee, or clarified butter, which is inevitably necessary for performing great ritualistic sacrifices. As stated in Bhagavad-gita (18. 5), yajna-dana-tapah-karma na tyajyam karyam eva tat: sacrifice, charity and austerity are essential to keep human society perfect in peace and prosperity. Yajna, the performance of sacrifice, is essential; to perform yajna, clarified butter is absolutely necessary; and to get clarified butter, milk is necessary. Milk is produced when there are sufficient cows. Therefore in Bhagavad-gita (18.44), cow protection is recommended (krsi-go-raksya-vanijyam vaisya-karma svabhava jam).
TEXT 2
TEXT
tam agni-hotrim rsayo
jagrhur brahma-vadinah
yajnasya deva-yanasya
medhyaya havise nrpa
SYNONYMS
tam--that cow; agni-hotrim--absolutely necessary for the production of yogurt, milk and ghee to offer as oblations in the fire; rsayah--sages who perform such sacrifices; jagrhuh--took in charge; brahma-vadinah--because such sages know the Vedic ritualistic ceremonies; yajnasya--of sacrifice; deva-yanasya--which fulfills the desire to be elevated to the higher planetary systems and to Brahmaloka; medhyaya--fit for offering oblations; havise--for the sake of pure clarified butter; nrpa--O King.
TRANSLATION
O King Pariksit, great sages who were completely aware of the Vedic ritualistic ceremonies took charge of that surabhi cow, which produced all the yogurt, milk and ghee absolutely necessary for offering oblations into the fire. They did this just for the sake of pure ghee, which they wanted for the performance of sacrifices to elevate themselves to the higher planetary systems, up to Brahmaloka.
PURPORT
Surabhi cows are generally found on the Vaikuntha planets. As described in Brahma-samhita, Lord Krsna, on His planet, Goloka Vrndavana, engages in tending the surabhi cows (surabhir abhipalayantam). These cows are the Lord's pet animals. From the surabhi cows one can take as much milk as one needs, and one may milk these cows as many times as he desires. In other words, the surabhi cow can yield milk unlimitedly. Milk is necessary for the performance of yajna. Sages know how to use milk to elevate human society to the perfection of life. Since cow protection is recommended everywhere in the sastras, the brahma vadis took charge of the surabhi cow, in which the demons were not very interested.
TEXT 3
TEXT
tata uccaihsrava nama
hayo 'bhuc candra-pandurah
tasmin balih sprham cakre
nendra isvara-siksaya
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; uccaihsravah nama--by the name Uccaihsrava; hayah--a horse; abhut--was generated; candra-pandurah--being as white as the moon; tasmin--unto it; balih--Maharaja Bali; sprham cakre--desired to possess; na--not; indrah--the King of the demigods; isvara-siksaya--by the previous advice of the Lord.
TRANSLATION
Thereafter, a horse named Uccaihsrava, which was as white as the moon, was generated. Bali Maharaja desired to possess this horse, and Indra, the King of heaven, did not protest, for he had previously been so advised by the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
TEXT 4
TEXT
tata airavato nama
varanendro vinirgatah
dantais caturbhih svetadrer
haran bhagavato mahim
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; airavatah nama--of the name Airavata; varana-indrah--the king of elephants; vinirgatah--was generated; dantaih--with its tusks; caturbhih--four; sveta--white; adreh--of the mountain; haran--defying; bhagavatah--of Lord Siva; mahim--the glories.
TRANSLATION
As the next result of the churning, the king of elephants, named Airavata, was generated. This elephant was white, and with its four tusks it defied the glories of Kailasa Mountain, the glorious abode of Lord Siva.
TEXT 5
TEXT
airavanadayas tv astau
dig-gaja abhavams tatah
abhramu-prabhrtayo 'stau ca
karinyas tv abhavan nrpa
SYNONYMS
airavana-adayah--headed by Airavana; tu--but; astau--eight; dik-gajah--elephants that could go in any direction; abhavan--were generated; tatah--thereafter; abhramu-prabhrtayah--headed by the she-elephant named Abhramu; astau--eight; ca--also; karinyah--female elephants; tu--indeed; abhavan--also generated; nrpa--O King.
TRANSLATION
Thereafter, O King, eight great elephants, which could go in any direction, were generated. They were headed by Airavana. Eight she-elephants, headed by Abhramu, were also generated.
PURPORT
The names of the eight elephants were Airavana, Pundarika, Vamana, Kumuda, Anjana, Puspadanta, Sarvabhauma and Supratika.
TEXT 6
TEXT
kaustubhakhyam abhud ratnam
padmarago mahodadheh
tasmin manau sprham cakre
vakso-'lankarane harih
tato 'bhavat parijatah
sura-loka-vibhusanam
purayaty arthino yo 'rthaih
sasvad bhuvi yatha bhavan
SYNONYMS
kaustubha-akhyam--known as Kaustubha; abhut--was generated; ratnam--a valuable gem; padmaragah--another gem, named Padmaraga; maha-udadheh--from that great ocean of milk; tasmin--that; manau--jewel; sprham cakre--desired to possess; vaksah-alankarane--to decorate His chest; harih--the Lord, the Supreme Personality of Godhead; tatah--thereafter; abhavat--was generated; parijatah--the celestial flower named parijata; sura-loka-vibhusanam--which decorates the heavenly planets; purayati--fulfills; arthinah--giving persons desiring material wealth; yah--that which; arthaih--by what is desired; sasvat--always; bhuvi--on this planet; yatha--as; bhavan--Your Lordship (Maharaja Pariksit).
TRANSLATION
Generated thereafter from the great ocean were the celebrated gems Kaustubha-mani and Padmaraga-mani. Lord Visnu, to decorate His chest, desired to possess them. Generated next was the parijata flower, which decorates the celestial planets. O King, as you fulfill the desires of everyone on this planet by fulfilling all ambitions, the parijata fulfills the desires of everyone.
TEXT 7
TEXT
tatas capsaraso jata
niska-kanthyah suvasasah
ramanyah svarginam valgu-
gati-lilavalokanaih
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; ca--also; apsarasah--the residents of Apsaroloka; jatah--were generated; niska-kanthyah--decorated with golden necklaces; su-vasasah--dressed with fine clothing; ramanyah--extremely beautiful and attractive; svarginam--of the inhabitants of the heavenly planets; valgu-gati-lila-avalokanaih--moving very softly, they attract everyone's heart.
TRANSLATION
Next there appeared the Apsaras [who are used as prostitutes on the heavenly planets]. They were fully decorated with golden ornaments and lockets and were dressed in fine and attractive clothing. The Apsaras move very slowly in an attractive style that bewilders the inhabitants of the heavenly planets.
TEXT 8
TEXT
tatas cavirabhut saksac
chri rama bhagavat-para
ranjayanti disah kantya
vidyut saudamani yatha
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; ca--and; avirabhut--manifested; saksat--directly; sri--the goddess of fortune; rama--known as Rama; bhagavat-para--absolutely inclined to be possessed by the Supreme Personality of Godhead; ranjayanti--illuminating; disah--all directions; kantya--by luster; vidyut--lightning; saudamani--Saudamani; yatha--as.
TRANSLATION
Then there appeared the goddess of fortune, Rama, who is absolutely dedicated to being enjoyed by the Supreme Personality of Godhead. She appeared like electricity, surpassing the lightning that might illuminate a marble mountain.
PURPORT
Sri means opulence. Krsna is the owner of all opulences.
bhoktaram yajna-tapasam
sarva-loka-mahesvaram
suhrdam sarva-bhutanam
jnatva mam santim rcchati
This peace formula for the world is given in Bhagavad-gita (5.29). When people know that the Supreme Lord, Krsna, is the supreme enjoyer, the supreme proprietor and the most intimate well-wishing friend of all living entities, peace and prosperity will ensue all over the world. Unfortunately, the conditioned souls, being placed into illusion by the external energy of the Lord, want to fight with one another, and therefore peace is disturbed. The first prerequisite for peace is that all the wealth presented by Sri, the goddess of fortune, be offered to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Everyone should give up his false proprietorship over worldly possessions and offer everything to Krsna. This is the teaching of the Krsna consciousness movement.
TEXT 9
TEXT
tasyam cakruh sprham sarve
sasurasura-manavah
rupaudarya-vayo-varna-
mahimaksipta-cetasah
SYNONYMS
tasyam--unto her; cakruh--did; sprham--desire; sarve--everyone; sa-sura-asura-manavah--the demigods, the demons and the human beings; rupa-audarya--by the exquisite beauty and bodily features; vayah--youth; varna--complexion; mahima--glories; aksipta--agitated; cetasah--their minds.
TRANSLATION
Because of her exquisite beauty, her bodily features, her youth, her complexion and her glories, everyone, including the demigods, the demons and the human beings, desired her. They were attracted because she is the source of all opulences.
PURPORT
Who in this world does not want to possess wealth, beauty and the social respectability that come from these opulences? People generally desire material enjoyment, material opulence and the association of aristocratic family members (bhogaisvarya-prasaktanam). Material enjoyment entails money, beauty and the reputation they bring, which can all be achieved by the mercy of the goddess of fortune. The goddess of fortune, however, never remains alone. As indicated in the previous verse by the word bhagavat-para, she is the property of the Supreme Personality of Godhead and is enjoyable only by Him. If one wants the favor of the goddess of fortune, mother Laksmi, because she is by nature bhagavat-para one must keep her with Narayana. The devotees who always engage in the service of Narayana (narayana-parayana) can easily achieve the favor of the goddess of fortune without a doubt, but materialists who try to get the favor of the goddess of fortune only to possess her for personal enjoyment are frustrated. Theirs is not a good policy. The celebrated demon Ravana, for example, wanted to deprive Ramacandra of Laksmi, Sita, and thus be victorious, but the result was just the opposite. Sita, of course, was taken by force by Lord Ramacandra, and Ravana and his entire material empire were vanquished. The goddess of fortune is desirable for everyone, including human beings, but one should understand that the goddess of fortune is the exclusive property of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. One cannot achieve the mercy of the goddess of fortune unless one prays both to her and to the supreme enjoyer, the Personality of Godhead.
TEXT 10
TEXT
tasya asanam aninye
mahendro mahad-adbhutam
murtimatyah saric-chrestha
hema-kumbhair jalam suci
SYNONYMS
tasyah--for her; asanam--a sitting place; aninye--brought; maha-indrah--the King of heaven, Indra; mahat--glorious; adbhutam--wonderful; murti-matyah--accepting forms; sarit-sresthah--the best of various sacred waters; hema--golden; kumbhaih--with waterpots; jalam--water; suci--pure.
TRANSLATION
The King of heaven, Indra, brought a suitable sitting place for the goddess of fortune. All the rivers of sacred water, such as the Ganges and Yamuna, personified themselves, and each of them brought pure water in golden waterpots for mother Laksmi, the goddess of fortune.
TEXT 11
TEXT
abhisecanika bhumir
aharat sakalausadhih
gavah panca pavitrani
vasanto madhu-madhavau
SYNONYMS
abhisecanikah--paraphernalia required for installing the Deity; bhumih--the land; aharat--collected; sakala--all kinds of; ausadhih--drugs and herbs; gavah--the cows; panca--five different varieties of products from the cow, namely milk, yogurt, clarified butter, cow dung and cow urine; pavitrani--uncontaminated; vasantah--personified springtime; madhu-madhavau--flowers and fruits produced during spring, or in the months of Caitra and Vaisakha.
TRANSLATION
The land became a person and collected all the drugs and herbs needed for installing the Deity. The cows delivered five products, namely milk, yogurt, ghee, urine and cow dung, and spring personified collected everything produced in spring, during the months of Caitra and Vaisakha [April and May].
PURPORT
Panca-gavya, the five products received from the cow, namely milk, yogurt, ghee, cow dung and cow urine, are required in all ritualistic ceremonies performed according to the Vedic directions. Cow urine and cow dung are uncontaminated, and since even the urine and dung of a cow are important, we can just imagine how important this animal is for human civilization. Therefore the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, directly advocates go-raksya, the protection of cows. Civilized men who follow the system of varnasrama, especially those of the vaisya class, who engage in agriculture and trade, must give protection to the cows. Unfortunately, because people in Kali-yuga are mandah, all bad, and sumanda-matayah, misled by false conceptions of life, they are killing cows in the thousands. Therefore they are unfortunate in spiritual consciousness, and nature disturbs them in so many ways, especially through incurable diseases like cancer and through frequent wars and among nations. As long as human society continues to allow cows to be regularly killed in slaughterhouses, there cannot be any question of peace and prosperity.
TEXT 12
TEXT
rsayah kalpayam cakrur
abhisekam yatha-vidhi
jagur bhadrani gandharva
natyas ca nanrtur jaguh
SYNONYMS
rsayah--the great sages; kalpayam cakruh--executed; abhisekam--the abhiseka ceremony, which is required during the installation of the Deity; yatha-vidhi--as directed in the authorized scriptures; jaguh--chanted Vedic mantras; bhadrani--all good fortune; gandharvah--and the inhabitants of Gandharvaloka; natyah--the women who were professional dancers; ca--also; nanrtuh--very nicely danced on the occasion; jaguh--and sang authorized songs prescribed in the Vedas.
TRANSLATION
The great sages performed the bathing ceremony of the goddess of fortune as directed in the authorized scriptures, the Gandharvas chanted all-auspicious Vedic mantras, and the professional women dancers very nicely danced and sang authorized songs prescribed in the Vedas.
TEXT 13
TEXT
megha mrdanga-panava-
murajanaka-gomukhan
vyanadayan sankha-venu-
vinas tumula-nihsvanan
SYNONYMS
meghah--personified clouds; mrdanga--drums; panava--kettledrums; muraja--another kind of drum; anaka--another type of drum; gomukhan--a type of bugle; vyanadayan--vibrated; sankha--conchshells; venu--flutes; vinah--stringed instruments; tumula--tumultuous; nihsvanan--vibration.
TRANSLATION
The clouds in personified form beat various types of drums, known as mrdangas, panavas, murajas and anakas. They also blew conchshells and bugles known as gomukhas and played flutes and stringed instruments. The combined sound of these instruments was tumultuous.
TEXT 14
TEXT
tato 'bhisisicur devim
sriyam padma-karam satim
digibhah purna-kalasaih
sukta-vakyair dvijeritaih
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; abhisisicuh--poured all-auspicious water on the body; devim--the goddess of fortune; sriyam--very beautiful; padma-karam--with a lotus in her hand; satim--she who is most chaste, not knowing anyone but the Supreme Personality of Godhead; digibhah--the great elephants; purna-kalasaih--by completely full water jugs; sukta-vakyaih--with Vedic mantras; dvi-ja--by brahmanas; iritaih--chanted.
TRANSLATION
Thereafter, the great elephants from all the directions carried big water jugs full of Ganges water and bathed the goddess of fortune, to the accompaniment of Vedic mantras chanted by learned brahmanas. While thus being bathed, the goddess of fortune maintained her original style, with a lotus flower in her hand, and she appeared very beautiful. The goddess of fortune is the most chaste, for she does not know anyone but the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
PURPORT
The goddess of fortune, Laksmi, is described in this verse as sriyam, which means that she has six opulences--wealth, strength, influence, beauty, knowledge and renunciation. These opulences are received from the goddess of fortune. Laksmi is addressed here as devi, the goddess, because in Vaikuntha she supplies all opulences to the Supreme Personality of Godhead and His devotees, who in this way enjoy natural life in the Vaikuntha planets. The Supreme Personality of Godhead is pleased with His consort, the goddess of fortune, who carries a lotus flower in her hand. Mother Laksmi is described in this verse as sati, the supremely chaste, because she never diverts her attention from the Supreme Personality of Godhead to anyone else.
TEXT 15
TEXT
samudrah pita-kauseya-
vasasi samupaharat
varunah srajam vaijayantim
madhuna matta-satpadam
SYNONYMS
samudrah--the ocean; pita-kauseya--yellow silk; vasasi--both the upper and lower portions of a garment; samupaharat--presented; varunah--the predominating deity of the water; srajam--garland; vaijayantim--the most decorated and the biggest; madhuna--with honey; matta--drunken; sat-padam--bumblebees, which have six legs.
TRANSLATION
The ocean, which is the source of all valuable jewels, supplied the upper and lower portions of a yellow silken garment. The predominating deity of the water, Varuna, presented flower garlands surrounded by six-legged bumblebees, drunken with honey.
PURPORT
When bathing the Deity in the abhiseka ceremony with various liquids, such as milk, honey, yogurt, ghee, cow dung and cow urine, it is customary to supply yellow garments. In this way the abhiseka ceremony for the goddess of fortune was performed according to the regular Vedic principles.
TEXT 16
TEXT
bhusanani vicitrani
visvakarma prajapatih
haram sarasvati padmam
ajo nagas ca kundale
SYNONYMS
bhusanani--varieties of ornaments; vicitrani--all very nicely decorated; visvakarma prajapatih--Visvakarma, one of the prajapatis, the sons of Lord Brahma who generate progeny; haram--garland or necklace; sarasvati--the goddess of education; padmam--a lotus flower; ajah--Lord Brahma; nagah ca--the inhabitants of Nagaloka; kundale--two earrings.
TRANSLATION
Visvakarma, one of the prajapatis, supplied varieties of decorated ornaments. The goddess of learning, Sarasvati, supplied a necklace, Lord Brahma supplied a lotus flower, and the inhabitants of Nagaloka supplied earrings.
TEXT 17
TEXT
tatah krta-svastyayanotpala-srajam
nadad-dvirepham parigrhya panina
cacala vaktram sukapola-kundalam
savrida-hasam dadhati susobhanam
SYNONYMS
tatah--thereafter; krta-svastyayana--being worshiped regularly by all-auspicious ritualistic ceremonies; utpala-srajam--a garland of lotuses; nadat--humming; dvirepham--surrounded by bumblebees; parigrhya--capturing; panina--by the hand; cacala--went on; vaktram--face; su-kapola-kundalam--her cheeks decorated with earrings; sa-vrida-hasam--smiling with shyness; dadhati--expanding; su-sobhanam--her natural beauty.
TRANSLATION
Thereafter, mother Laksmi, the goddess of fortune, having been properly celebrated with an auspicious ritualistic ceremony, began moving about, holding in her hand a garland of lotus flowers, which were surrounded by humming bumblebees. Smiling with shyness, her cheeks decorated by her earrings, she looked extremely beautiful.
PURPORT
The goddess of fortune, mother Laksmiji, accepted the ocean of milk as her father, but she perpetually rests on the bosom of Narayana. She offers benedictions even to Lord Brahma and other living entities in this material world, yet she is transcendental to all material qualities. Although she appeared to have been born of the ocean of milk, she immediately resorted to her eternal place on the bosom of Narayana.
TEXT 18
TEXT
stana-dvayam catikrsodari samam
nirantaram candana-kunkumoksitam
tatas tato nupura-valgu sinjitair
visarpati hema-lateva sa babhau
SYNONYMS
stana-dvayam--her two breasts; ca--also; ati-krsa-udari--the middle portion of her body being very thin; samam--equally; nirantaram--constantly; candana-kunkuma--with sandalwood pulp and kunkuma, a reddish powder; uksitam--smeared; tatah tatah--here and there; nupura--of ankle bells; valgu--very beautiful; sinjitaih--with the light resounding; visarpati--walking; hema-lata--a golden creeper; iva--exactly like; sa--the goddess of fortune; babhau--appeared.
TRANSLATION
Her two breasts, which were symmetrical and nicely situated, were covered with sandalwood pulp and kunkuma powder, and her waist was very thin. As she walked here and there, her ankle bells jingling softly, she appeared like a creeper of gold.
TEXT 19
TEXT
vilokayanti niravadyam atmanah
padam dhruvam cavyabhicari-sad-gunam
gandharva-siddhasura-yaksa-carana-
traipistapeyadisu nanvavindata
SYNONYMS
vilokayanti--observing, examining; niravadyam--without any fault; atmanah--for herself; padam--position; dhruvam--eternal; ca--also; avyabhicari-sat-gunam--without any change of qualities; gandharva--among the inhabitants of Gandharvaloka; siddha--the inhabitants of Siddhaloka; asura--the demons; yaksa--the Yaksas; carana--the inhabitants of Caranaloka; traipistapeya-adisu--and among the demigods; na--not; anvavindata--could accept any one of them.
TRANSLATION
While walking among the Gandharvas, Yaksas, asuras, Siddhas, Caranas and denizens of heaven, Laksmidevi, the goddess of fortune, was scrutinizingly examining them, but she could not find anyone naturally endowed with all good qualities. None of them was devoid of faults, and therefore she could not take shelter of any of them.
PURPORT
The goddess of fortune, Laksmidevi, having been generated from the ocean of milk, was the daughter of the ocean. Thus she was allowed to select her own husband in a svayamvara ceremony. She examined every one of the candidates, but she could not find anyone suitably qualified to be her shelter. In other words, Narayana, the natural husband of Laksmi, cannot be superseded by anyone in this material world.
TEXT 20
TEXT
nunam tapo yasya na manyu-nirjayo
jnanam kvacit tac ca na sanga-varjitam
kascin mahams tasya na kama-nirjayah
sa isvarah kim parato vyapasrayah
SYNONYMS
nunam--certainly; tapah--austerity; yasya--of someone; na--not; manyu--anger; nirjayah--conquered; jnanam--knowledge; kvacit--in some saintly person; tat--that; ca--also; na--not; sanga-varjitam--without the contamination of association; kascit--someone; mahan--a very great exalted person; tasya--his; na--not; kama--material desires; nirjayah--conquered; sah--such a person; isvarah--controller; kim--how can he be; paratah--of others; vyapasrayah--under the control.
TRANSLATION
The goddess of fortune, examining the assembly, thought in this way: Someone who has undergone great austerity has not yet conquered anger. Someone possesses knowledge, but he has not conquered material desires. Someone is a very great personality, but he cannot conquer lusty desires. Even a great personality depends on something else. How, then, can he be the supreme controller?
PURPORT
Here is an attempt to find the supreme controller, or isvara. Everyone may be accepted as an isvara, or controller, but still such controllers are controlled by others. For example, one may have undergone severe austerities but still be under the control of anger. By a scrutinizing analysis, we find that everyone is controlled by something else. No one, therefore, can be the true controller but the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna. This is supported by the sastras. Isvarah paramah krsnah: the supreme controller is Krsna. Krsna is never controlled by anyone, for He is the controller of everyone (sarva-karana-karanam).
TEXT 21
TEXT
dharmah kvacit tatra na bhuta-sauhrdam
tyagah kvacit tatra na mukti-karanam
viryam na pumso 'sty aja-vega-niskrtam
na hi dvitiyo guna-sanga-varjitah
SYNONYMS
dharmah--religion; kvacit--one may have full knowledge of; tatra--therein; na--not; bhuta-sauhrdam--friendship with other living entities; tyagah--renunciation; kvacit--one may possess; tatra--therein; na--not; mukti-karanam--the cause of liberation; viryam--power; na--not; pumsah--of any person; asti--there may be; aja-vega-niskrtam--no release from the power of time; na--nor; hi--indeed; dvitiyah--the second one; guna-sanga-varjitah--completely freed from the contamination of the modes of nature.
TRANSLATION
Someone may possess full knowledge of religion but still not be kind to all living entities. In someone, whether human or demigod, there may be renunciation, but that is not the cause of liberation. Someone may possess great power and yet be unable to check the power of eternal time. Someone else may have renounced attachment to the material world, yet he cannot compare to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore, no one is completely freed from the influence of the material modes of nature.
PURPORT
The statement dharmah kvacit tatra na bhuta-sauhrdam is very important in this verse. We actually see that there are many Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhists and religionists of other cults who adhere to their religious principles very nicely but are not equal to all living entities. Indeed, although they profess to be very religious, they kill poor animals. Such religion has no meaning. Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.2.8) says:
dharmah svanusthitah pumsam
visvaksena-kathasu yah
notpadayed yadi ratim
srama eva hi kevalam
One may be very expert in following the religious principles of his own sect, but if he has no tendency to love the Supreme Personality of Godhead, his observance of religious principles is simply a waste of time. One must develop a sense of loving Vasudeva (vasudevah sarvam iti sa mahatma sudurlabhah). The sign of a devotee is that he is a friend to everyone (suhrdam sarva-bhutanam). A devotee will never allow a poor animal to be killed in the name of religion. This is the difference between a superficially religious person and a devotee of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
We find that there have been many great heroes in history, but they could not escape from the cruel hands of death. Even the greatest hero cannot escape from the ruling power of the Supreme Personality of Godhead when Krsna comes as death. That is described by Krsna Himself: mrtyuh sarva-haras caham. The Lord, appearing as death, takes away a hero's so-called power. Even Hiranyakasipu could not be saved when Nrsimhadeva appeared before him as death. One's material strength is nothing before the strength of the Supreme personality of Godhead.
TEXT 22
TEXT
kvacic cirayur na hi sila-mangalam
kvacit tad apy asti na vedyam ayusah
yatrobhayam kutra ca so 'py amangalah
sumangalah kasca na kanksate hi mam
SYNONYMS
kvacit--someone; cira-ayuh--has a long duration of life; na--not; hi--indeed; sila-mangalam--good behavior or auspiciousness; kvacit--someone; tat api--although possessing good behavior; asti--is; na--not; vedyam ayusah--aware of the duration of life; yatra ubhayam--if there are both (behavior and auspiciousness); kutra--somewhere; ca--also; sah--that person; api--although; amangalah--a little inauspicious in some other detail; su-mangalah--auspicious in every respect; kasca--someone; na--not; kanksate--desires; hi--indeed; mam--me.
TRANSLATION
Someone may have longevity but not have auspiciousness or good behavior. Someone may have both auspiciousness and good behavior, but the duration of his life is not fixed. Although such demigods as Lord Siva have eternal life, they have inauspicious habits like living in crematoriums. And even if others are well qualified in all respects, they are not devotees of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
TEXT 23
TEXT
evam vimrsyavyabhicari-sad-gunair
varam nijaikasrayatayagunasrayam
vavre varam sarva-gunair apeksitam
rama mukundam nirapeksam ipsitam
SYNONYMS
evam--in this way; vimrsya--after full deliberation; avyabhicari-sat-gunaih--with extraordinary transcendental qualities; varam--superior; nija-eka-asrayataya--because of possessing all good qualities without depending on others; aguna-asrayam--the reservoir of all transcendental qualities; vavre--accepted; varam--as a bridegroom; sarva-gunaih--with all transcendental qualities; apeksitam--qualified; rama--the goddess of fortune; mukundam--unto Mukunda; nirapeksam--although He did not wait for her; ipsitam--the most desirable.
TRANSLATION
Sukadeva Gosvami continued: In this way, after full deliberation, the goddess of fortune accepted Mukunda as her husband because although He is independent and not in want of her, He possesses all transcendental qualities and mystic powers and is therefore the most desirable.
PURPORT
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Mukunda, is self-sufficient. Since He is fully independent, He was not in want of the support or association of Laksmidevi. Nonetheless, Laksmidevi, the goddess of fortune, accepted Him as her husband.
TEXT 24
TEXT
tasyamsa-desa usatim nava-kanja-malam
madyan-madhuvrata-varutha-giropaghustam
tasthau nidhaya nikate tad-urah sva-dhama
savrida-hasa-vikasan-nayanena yata
SYNONYMS
tasya--of Him (the Supreme Personality of Godhead); amsa-dese--on the shoulders; usatim--very beautiful; nava--new; kanja-malam--garland of lotus flowers; madyat--maddened; madhuvrata-varutha--of bumblebees; gira--with the vibrating; upaghustam--surrounded by their humming; tasthau--remained; nidhaya--after placing the garland; nikate--nearby; tat-urah--the bosom of the Lord; sva-dhama--her real resort; sa-vrida-hasa--smiling with shyness; vikasat--glittering; nayanena--with the eyes; yata--so situated.
TRANSLATION
Approaching the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the goddess of fortune placed upon His shoulders the garland of newly grown lotus flowers, which was surrounded by humming bumblebees searching for honey. Then, expecting to get a place on the bosom of the Lord, she remained standing by His side, her face smiling in shyness.
TEXT 25
TEXT
tasyah sriyas tri-jagato janako jananya
vakso nivasam akarot paramam vibhuteh
srih svah prajah sakarunena niriksanena
yatra sthitaidhayata sadhipatims tri-lokan
SYNONYMS
tasyah--of her; sriyah--the goddess of fortune; tri-jagatah--of the three worlds; janakah--the father; jananyah--of the mother; vaksah--bosom; nivasam--residence; akarot--made; paramam--supreme; vibhuteh--of the opulent; srih--the goddess of fortune; svah--own; prajah--descendants; sa-karunena--with favorable mercy; niriksanena--by glancing over; yatra--wherein; sthita--staying; aidhayata--increased; sa-adhipatin--with the great directors and leaders; tri-lokan--the three worlds.
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Personality of Godhead is the father of the three worlds, and His bosom is the residence of mother Laksmi, the goddess of fortune, the proprietor of all opulences. The goddess of fortune, by her favorable and merciful glance, can increase the opulence of the three worlds, along with their inhabitants and their directors, the demigods.
PURPORT
According to the desire of Laksmidevi, the goddess of fortune, the Supreme Personality of Godhead made His bosom her residence so that by her glance she could favor everyone, including the demigods and ordinary human beings. In other words, since the goddess of fortune stays on the bosom of Narayana, she naturally sees any devotee who worships Narayana. When the goddess of fortune understands that a devotee is in favor of devotional service to Narayana, she is naturally inclined to bless the devotee with all opulences. The karmis try to receive the favor and mercy of Laksmi, but because they are not devotees of Narayana, their opulence is flickering. The opulence of devotees who are attached to the service of Narayana is not like the opulence of karmis. The opulence of devotees is as permanent as the opulence of Narayana Himself.
TEXT 26
TEXT
sankha-turya-mrdanganam
vaditranam prthuh svanah
devanuganam sastrinam
nrtyatam gayatam abhut
SYNONYMS
sankha--conchshells; turya--bugles; mrdanganam--and of different types of drums; vaditranam--of the musical instruments; prthuh--very great; svanah--sound; deva-anuganam--the inhabitants of the upper planets like the Gandharvas and Caranas, who follow the demigods; sa-strinam--as along with their own wives; nrtyatam--engaged in dancing; gayatam--singing; abhut--became.
TRANSLATION
The inhabitants of Gandharvaloka and Caranaloka then took the opportunity to play their musical instruments, such as conchshells, bugles and drums. They began dancing and singing along with their wives.
TEXT 27
TEXT
brahma-rudrangiro-mukhyah
sarve visva-srjo vibhum
idire 'vitathair mantrais
tal-lingaih puspa-varsinah
SYNONYMS
brahma--Lord Brahma; rudra--Lord Siva; angirah--the great sage Angira Muni; mukhyah--headed by; sarve--all of them; visva-srjah--the directors of universal management; vibhum--the very great personality; idire--worshiped; avitathaih--real; mantraih--by chanting; tat-lingaih--worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead; puspa-varsinah--throwing flowers like showers.
TRANSLATION
Lord Brahma, Lord Siva, the great sage Angira, and similar directors of universal management showered flowers and chanted mantras indicating the transcendental glories of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
TEXT 28
TEXT
sriyavalokita devah
saprajapatayah prajah
siladi-guna-sampanna
lebhire nirvrtim param
SYNONYMS
sriya--by the goddess of fortune, Laksmi; avalokitah--being seen favorably with mercy; devah--all the demigods; sa-prajapatayah--with all the prajapatis; prajah--and their generations; sila-adi-guna-sampannah--all blessed with good behavior and good characteristics; lebhire--achieved; nirvrtim--satisfaction; param--the ultimate.
TRANSLATION
All the demigods, along with the prajapatis and their descendants, being blessed by Laksmiji's glance upon them, were immediately enriched with good behavior and transcendental qualities. Thus they were very much satisfied.
TEXT 29
TEXT
nihsattva lolupa rajan
nirudyoga gata-trapah
yada copeksita laksmya
babhuvur daitya-danavah
SYNONYMS
nihsattvah--without strength; lolupah--very greedy; rajan--O King; nirudyogah--frustrated; gata-trapah--shameless; yada--when; ca--also; upeksitah--neglected; laksmya--by the goddess of fortune; babhuvuh--they became; daitya-danavah--the demons and Raksasas.
TRANSLATION
O King, because of being neglected by the goddess of fortune, the demons and Raksasas were depressed, bewildered and frustrated, and thus they became shameless.
TEXT 30
TEXT
athasid varuni devi
kanya kamala-locana
asura jagrhus tam vai
harer anumatena te
SYNONYMS
atha--thereafter (after the appearance of the goddess of fortune); asit--there was; varuni--Varuni; devi--the demigoddess who controls drunkards; kanya--a young girl; kamala-locana--lotus-eyed; asurah--the demons; jagrhuh--accepted; tam--her; vai--indeed; hareh--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; anumatena--by the order; te--they (the demons).
TRANSLATION
Next appeared Varuni, the lotus-eyed goddess who controls drunkards. With the permission of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, the demons, headed by Bali Maharaja, took possession of this young girl.
TEXT 31
TEXT
athodadher mathyamanat
kasyapair amrtarthibhih
udatisthan maharaja
purusah paramadbhutah
SYNONYMS
atha--thereafter; udadheh--from the ocean of milk; mathyamanat--while being churned; kasyapaih--by the sons of Kasyapa, namely the demigods and the demons; amrta-arthibhih--anxious to get nectar from the churning; udatisthat--there appeared; maharaja--O King; purusah--a male person; parama--highly; adbhutah--wonderful.
TRANSLATION
O King, thereafter, while the sons of Kasyapa, both demons and demigods, were engaged in churning the ocean of milk, a very wonderful male person appeared.
TEXT 32
TEXT
dirgha-pivara-dor-dandah
kambu-grivo 'runeksanah
syamalas tarunah sragvi
sarvabharana-bhusitah
SYNONYMS
dirgha--long; pivara--stout and strong; doh-dandah--the arms; kambu--like a conchshell; grivah--the neck; aruna-iksanah--reddish eyes; syamalah--blackish complexion; tarunah--very young; sragvi--wearing a flower garland; sarva--all; abharana--with ornaments; bhusitah--decorated.
TRANSLATION
He was strongly built; his arms were long, stout and strong; his neck, which was marked with three lines, resembled a conchshell; his eyes were reddish; and his complexion was blackish. He was very young, he was garlanded with flowers, and his entire body was fully decorated with various ornaments.
TEXT 33
TEXT
pita-vasa mahoraskah
sumrsta-mani-kundalah
snigdha-kuncita-kesanta-
subhagah simha-vikramah
amrtapurna-kalasam
bibhrad valaya-bhusitah
SYNONYMS
pita-vasah--wearing yellow garments; maha-uraskah--his chest very broad; su-mrsta-mani-kundalah--whose earrings were well polished and made of pearls; snigdha--polished; kuncita-kesa--curling hair; anta--at the end; su-bhagah--separated and beautiful; simha-vikramah--strong like a lion; amrta--with nectar; apurna--filled to the top; kalasam--a jar; bibhrat--moving; valaya--with bangles; bhusitah--decorated.
TRANSLATION
He was dressed in yellow garments and wore brightly polished earrings made of pearls. The tips of his hair were anointed with oil, and his chest was very broad. His body had all good features, he was stout and strong like a lion, and he was decorated with bangles. In his hand he carried a jug filled to the top with nectar.
TEXT 34
TEXT
sa vai bhagavatah saksad
visnor amsamsa-sambhavah
dhanvantarir iti khyata
ayur-veda-drg ijya-bhak
SYNONYMS
sah--he; vai--indeed; bhagavatah--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; saksat--directly; visnoh--of Lord Visnu; amsa-amsa-sambhavah--incarnation of the plenary portion of a plenary portion; dhanvantarih--Dhanvantari; iti--thus; khyatah--celebrated; ayuh-veda-drk--fully conversant in the medical science; ijya-bhak--one of the demigods eligible to share the benefits of sacrifices.
TRANSLATION
This person was Dhanvantari, a plenary portion of a plenary portion of Lord Visnu. He was very conversant with the science of medicine, and as one of the demigods he was permitted to take a share in sacrifices.
PURPORT
Srila Madhvacarya remarks:
tesam satyac calanartham
harir dhanvantarir vibhuh
samartho 'py asuranam tu
sva-hastad amucat sudham
Dhanvantari, who was carrying the jug containing nectar, was a plenary incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but although he was very strong, the asuras were able to take the jug of nectar from his hands.
TEXT 35
TEXT
tam alokyasurah sarve
kalasam camrtabhrtam
lipsantah sarva-vastuni
kalasam tarasaharan
SYNONYMS
tam--him; alokya--seeing; asurah--the demons; sarve--all of them; kalasam--the container of nectar; ca--also; amrta-abhrtam--filled with nectar; lipsantah--desiring strongly; sarva-vastuni--all objects; kalasam--the jug; tarasa--immediately; aharan--snatched away.
TRANSLATION
Upon seeing Dhanvantari carrying the jug of nectar, the demons, desiring the jug and its contents, immediately snatched it away by force.
TEXT 36
TEXT
niyamane 'surais tasmin
kalase 'mrta-bhajane
visanna-manaso deva
harim saranam ayayuh
SYNONYMS
niyamane--being carried; asuraih--by the demons; tasmin--that; kalase--jug; amrta-bhajane--containing nectar; visanna-manasah--aggrieved in mind; devah--all the demigods; harim--unto the Supreme Lord; saranam--to take shelter; ayayuh--went.
TRANSLATION
When the jug of nectar was carried off by the demons, the demigods were morose. Thus they sought shelter at the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Hari.
TEXT 37
TEXT
iti tad-dainyam alokya
bhagavan bhrtya-kama-krt
ma khidyata mitho 'rtham vah
sadhayisye sva-mayaya
SYNONYMS
iti--in this way; tat--of the demigods; dainyam--moroseness; alokya--seeing; bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhrtya-kama-krt--who is always ready to fulfill the desires of His servants; ma khidyata--do not be aggrieved; mithah--by a quarrel; artham--to get nectar; vah--for all of you; sadhayisye--I shall execute; sva-mayaya--by My own energy.
TRANSLATION
When the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who always desires to fulfill the ambitions of His devotees, saw that the demigods were morose, He said to them, "Do not be aggrieved. By My own energy I shall bewilder the demons by creating a quarrel among them. In this way I shall fulfill your desire to have the nectar."
TEXT 38
TEXT
mithah kalir abhut tesam
tad-arthe tarsa-cetasam
aham purvam aham purvam
na tvam na tvam iti prabho
SYNONYMS
mithah--among themselves; kalih--disagreement and quarrel; abhut--there was; tesam--of all of them; tat-arthe--for the sake of nectar; tarsa-cetasam--bewildered in heart and soul by the illusory energy of Visnu; aham--I; purvam--first; aham--I; purvam--first; na--not; tvam--you; na--not; tvam--you; iti--thus; prabho--O King.
TRANSLATION
O King, a quarrel then arose among the demons over who would get the nectar first. Each of them said, "You cannot drink it first. I must drink it first. Me first, not you!"
PURPORT
This is the symptom of demons. The first concern of a nondevotee is how to enjoy his personal sense gratification at once, whereas the devotee's first concern is to satisfy the Lord. This is the distinction between the nondevotee and the devotee. In this material world, since most people are nondevotees, they regularly compete, fight, disagree and war among themselves, for everyone wants to enjoy and satisfy his own senses. Therefore, unless such demons become Krsna conscious and are trained to satisfy the senses of the Lord, there can be no question of peace in human society or any society, even that of the demigods. The demigods and devotees, however, always surrender to the lotus feet of the Lord, and thus the Lord is always anxious to satisfy their ambitions. While the demons fight to satisfy their own senses, devotees engage in devotional service to satisfy the senses of the Lord. The members of the Krsna consciousness movement must be alert in regard to this point, and then their preaching of the Krsna consciousness movement will be successful.
TEXTS 39-40
TEXT
devah svam bhagam arhanti
ye tulyayasa-hetavah
satra-yaga ivaitasminn
esa dharmah sanatanah
iti svan pratyasedhan vai
daiteya jata-matsarah
durbalah prabalan rajan
grhita-kalasan muhuh
SYNONYMS
devah--the demigods; svam bhagam--their own share; arhanti--deserve to take; ye--all of them who; tulya-ayasa-hetavah--who made an equal endeavor; satra-yage--in the performance of sacrifices; iva--similarly; etasmin--in this matter; esah--this; dharmah--religion; sanatanah--eternal; iti--thus; svan--among themselves; pratyasedhan--forbade one another; vai--indeed; daiteyah--the sons of Diti; jata-matsarah--envious; durbalah--weak; prabalan--by force; rajan--O King; grhita--possessing; kalasan--the jug containing nectar; muhuh--constantly.
TRANSLATION
Some of the demons said, "All the demigods have taken part in churning the ocean of milk. Now, as everyone has an equal right to partake in any public sacrifice, according to the eternal religious system it is befitting that the demigods now have a share of the nectar." O King, in this way the weaker demons forbade the stronger demons to take the nectar.
PURPORT
Desiring to take the nectar, those among the demons who were less strong spoke in favor of the demigods. The weaker Daityas naturally pleaded on behalf of the demigods to stop the stronger Daityas from drinking the nectar without sharing it. In this way, disagreement and trouble arose as they forbade one another to drink the nectar.
TEXTS 41-46
TEXT
etasminn antare visnuh
sarvopaya-vid isvarah
yosid-rupam anirdesyam
dadhara-paramadbhutam
preksaniyotpala-syamam
sarvavayava-sundaram
samana-karnabharanam
sukapolonnasananam
nava-yauvana-nirvrtta-
stana-bhara-krsodaram
mukhamodanuraktali-
jhankarodvigna-locanam
bibhrat sukesa-bharena
malam utphulla-mallikam
sugriva-kanthabharanam
su-bhujangada-bhusitam
virajambara-samvita-
nitamba-dvipa-sobhaya
kancya pravilasad-valgu-
calac-carana-nupuram
savrida-smita-viksipta-
bhru-vilasavalokanaih
daitya-yutha-pa-cetahsu
kamam uddipayan muhuh
SYNONYMS
etasmin antare--after this incident; visnuh--Lord Visnu; sarva-upaya-vit--one who knows how to deal with different situations; isvarah--the supreme controller; yosit-rupam--the form of a beautiful woman; anirdesyam--no one could ascertain who She was; dadhara--assumed; parama--supremely; adbhutam--wonderful; preksaniya--pleasing to look at; utpala-syamam--blackish like a newly grown lotus; sarva--all; avayava--parts of the body; sundaram--very beautiful; samana--equally adjusted; karna-abharanam--ornaments on the ears; su-kapola--very beautiful cheeks; unnasa-ananam--a raised nose on Her face; nava-yauvana--newly youthful; nirvrtta-stana--breasts not agitated; bhara--weight; krsa--very lean and thin; udaram--waist; mukha--face; amoda--creating pleasure; anurakta--attracted; ali--bumblebees; jhankara--making a humming sound; udvigna--from anxiety; locanam--Her eyes; bibhrat--moving; su-kesa-bharena--by the weight of beautiful hair; malam--with a flower garland; utphulla-mallikam--made of fully grown mallika flowers; su-griva--a nice neck; kantha-abharanam--ornamented with beautiful jewelry; su-bhuja--very beautiful arms; angada-bhusitam--decorated with bangles; viraja-ambara--very clean cloth; samvita--spread; nitamba--breast; dvipa--appearing like an island; sobhaya--by such beauty; kancya--the belt on the waist; pravilasat--spreading over; valgu--very beautiful; calat-carana-nupuram--moving ankle bells; sa-vrida-smita--smiling with shyness; viksipta--glancing; bhru-vilasa--activities of the eyebrows; avalokanaih--glancing over; daitya-yutha-pa--the leaders of the demons; cetahsu--in the core of the heart; kamam--lusty desire; uddipayat--awakening; muhuh--constantly.
TRANSLATION
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Visnu, who can counteract any unfavorable situation, then assumed the form of an extremely beautiful woman. This incarnation as a woman, Mohini-murti, was most pleasing to the mind. Her complexion resembled in color a newly grown blackish lotus, and every part of Her body was beautifully situated. Her ears were equally decorated with earrings, Her cheeks were very beautiful, Her nose was raised and Her face full of youthful luster. Her large breasts made Her waist seem very thin. Attracted by the aroma of Her face and body, bumblebees hummed around Her, and thus Her eyes were restless. Her hair, which was extremely beautiful, was garlanded with mallika flowers. Her attractively constructed neck was decorated with a necklace and other ornaments, Her arms were decorated with bangles, Her body was covered with a clean sari, and Her breasts seemed like islands in an ocean of beauty. Her legs were decorated with ankle bells. Because of the movements of Her eyebrows as She smiled with shyness and glanced over the demons, all the demons were saturated with lusty desires, and every one of them desired to possess Her.
PURPORT
Because of the Supreme Lord's assuming the form of a beautiful woman to arouse the lusty desires of the demons, a description of Her complete beauty is given here.
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Eighth Canto, Eighth Chapter, of the Srimad-Bhagavatam, entitled "The Churning of the Milk Ocean."